By Okafor Joseph Afam – January 20, 2025

In the heart of Jigawa State, an unexpected trade has reshaped the fortunes of many residents, transforming lives and creating new opportunities. The frog trade, largely centered in Hadejia, has not only empowered individuals but also made significant contributions to the local economy. Yet, the practice raises environmental and cultural questions, highlighting the complex dynamics of progress.

For Muhammad Isah, a 32-year-old graduate of Crop Science, life after university was a struggle. Job opportunities were scarce, and hope seemed dim. But when he turned to frog hunting, he discovered an unexpected path to stability.

“After graduating, I found myself idle and without prospects. I decided to join the frog business to support myself and my family. Today, I earn about ₦150,000 every month, and it has given me a chance to dream again,” Muhammad said with a smile.

Muhammad’s story is not unique. Across Jigawa, individuals like him are carving out livelihoods from this unconventional trade. Yusufu Dapchi, a veteran trader, has been in the business for over two decades. He proudly credits frog trading for allowing him to provide for his large family and fulfill religious obligations like the Hajj pilgrimage.

“I’ve seen this trade grow tremendously,” Yusufu noted. “However, the rising cost of frogs has made things challenging. Frogs that used to sell for ₦1,000 now cost as much as ₦6,500.”

A Thriving Industry

Hadejia has become a hub for frog trading, with local and international markets driving demand. Southern Nigeria, Europe, the United States, and even China are key destinations for Jigawa’s frog meat exports. Traders like Chibuke Alex, who switched from fish farming to frog harvesting, now earn a steady income of at least ₦15,000 daily.

“This business has transformed my life,” Alex shared. “But we are starting to feel the effects of climate change and other challenges that threaten our supply.”

Beyond individual success stories, the frog trade is a significant revenue generator for Jigawa State. According to Godwin Idu, chairman of the Frog Buyers Association, loading fees alone contribute over ₦1.4 million annually to government coffers. Additionally, transport services for traders create weekly revenues of up to ₦100,000.

A Lifeline for the Displaced

For internally displaced persons (IDPs) fleeing the Boko Haram insurgency, frog trading has been a lifeline. Alhaji Sulaiman, who relocated to Hadejia from Borno State, now owns property and supports his family through the trade.

“Frog trading has given us hope,” he said. “But our hearts still long for home. One day, I hope to return to Mallam Fatori.”

Similarly, Malam Aba-Borr Baga, another displaced trader, has used his earnings to support his large family and mentor others in the trade. Despite his success, he dreams of returning to Borno State when peace is restored.

Cultural and Environmental Challenges

While frog meat is highly sought after in certain regions, it remains taboo in Jigawa due to religious beliefs. Islamic scholars often discourage its consumption, citing prophetic traditions. Nevertheless, the trade flourishes, driven by external markets.

Environmentalists warn that overharvesting frogs could lead to ecological imbalances. “Unchecked exploitation of frogs could harm ecosystems and deplete their populations,” said Mr. Audu Oseni, an environmental expert.

Additionally, traders face challenges like rising transportation costs, inadequate infrastructure, and seasonal fluctuations. Mrs. Christina Akpepo, a trader from Benue State, lamented, “The removal of fuel subsidies has doubled our transportation costs, making it harder to sustain the business.”

Calls for Sustainability

As demand for frog meat continues to grow, experts and community leaders are advocating for sustainable practices. The establishment of a permanent market site, access to loans, and government-backed regulations could ensure the trade remains viable without harming the environment.

“Over 5,000 people depend on this trade,” Mr. Idu emphasized. “It’s time for the government to support us in ensuring its sustainability.”

The frog trade in Jigawa State tells a compelling story of resilience and innovation. For individuals like Muhammad Isah and thousands of others, it represents more than just a business—it’s a chance at a better life. However, balancing profitability with environmental and cultural considerations will be key to sustaining this unlikely goldmine.

This story is produced with support from Civic Media Lab (CML).